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At a school, exactly 40 percent of the students play a sport. How many students play a sport?
(1) The school has 300 students.
(2) The school has 180 students who do not play a sport.
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Correct answer
D
'40 percent play a sport' means the sport-players are 0.40 times the total, so the total is all we need.
Statement (1): total 300 gives 0.40 × 300 = 120 players. Sufficient.
Statement (2): the non-players are the other 60 percent, so 180 non-players means 0.60 × total = 180, giving total = 300, hence 120 players. Sufficient.
The (A) trap accepts (1) but dismisses (2), missing that 180 non-players is 60 percent of the total and therefore back-solves the total (and the players) just as well. The (C) trap assumes both are needed.
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